Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani 1 2, Mohsen Keshavarz 3, Neda Mousavi 4, Haideh Namdari 5, Vahid Salimi 4, Talat Mokhtari-Azad 4, Mohadeseh Zarei-Ghobadi 6, Seyed Alireza Nadji 7, Nastaran Ghavami 4, Farhad Rezaei 8

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and the emergence of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) in children. A total of 322 nasopharyngeal swab samples were provided from children with an initial diagnosis of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. A total of 34 and 70 cases were positive for EV-D68 and HRV, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the clades A and B are the prevalent genotypes for EV-D68 and the HRV-positive samples belong to three types including HRV-A, HRV-B, and HRV-C. The results showed that EV-D68 and HRV-C are circulating in Iran especially in the winter.